Literature Review ( Wun Juan )

Rubbish is produced anywhere, anytime, and the only ways to dispose them is by incineration or burying them in landfills. But a lot of people do not know that the ways of disposing the rubbish have many harmful effects to the environment. So this literature review will cover on different ways to reduce the amount of rubbish produced by us.

Firstly, we can reduce the amount of rubbish produced by avoiding to create rubbish at the first place. By not creating rubbish, there will be no need to dispose the rubbish. Below are the different ways to avoid creating rubbish. 

1. When buying or shopping for stuff, we should avoid using the plastic/paper bags provided by them and instead bringing your own re-usable bags. When you use your own bag, you will not need to bring bag the plastic/paper bag, which will normally end up in the rubbish bin.
2. We should also avoid buying bottled water from drink stalls, vending machines etc. We should instead bring your own re-usable water bottle from home. 
3. Avoid using disposable items. When going to a picnic or putting batteries, bring the picnic set with normal cutlery and rechargeable batteries instead of disposable ones.

Secondly, we can reduced the amount of rubbish produced. Below are some of the examples on ways to reduce rubbish: 

1. Buying only what you need. If you don’t need stuff, don’t buy it as it will only end up being useless and it will be thrown away. 
2. Buying stuff which are second hand or recycled. By doing this, you will not need to buy new stuff and instead get the maximum lifespan out of the goods. 
3. Buying refills. Instead of buying the product again with more packaging, buy refills. 

Thirdly, we can reuse waste, so that it will not be directly be disposed and instead use to its maximum lifespan. Below are some of the different examples on ways to reuse waste: 

1. Reuse plastic containers which are given when taking away food for food storage. This can help to save from buying jars etc. 
2. Reuse any products as many times as possible.
3. Reuse plastic bags as bin liners.

Lastly, we can recycle the waste, so that it can be recycled and remade or re-manufactured into something new that which we can use in our daily lives. This also can reduce the amount of waste which are needed to be disposed which is great for the environment. People should also be buying  recycled products so that it can help conserve the environment and also support the recycling industry so that more products will be recycled instead of being disposed away. Below are some of the tips on what can be recycled:

1. Council Bin Recycling - Recycle all recyclable materials like the following in your local council free curbside collection recycling bins:-Paper

-Cardboard

-Magazines

-Newspapers

-Glass Bottles

-Glass jars

-Aluminum Cans

2. Recycle Other Materials, Products & Items - Take them to the relevant recycling facility that accepts them including items like the following:

-Mobile Phones

-Printer Ink & Toner Cartridges

-Acid Batteries

-Building Materials like bricks, concrete, timber & tiles

-Chemicals

-Electronic equipment

-Computers

-Metals including copper, lead, brass, steel, aluminium

-Oil

-Paint

-Plastic Bags

-Tires

-White Goods (Appliances)